gh-159041: Fix use-after-free in asyncio task tracking during thread state cleanup - #159073

Ping @colesbury @msullivan since you two have been reviewing asyncio changes recently and Kumar is busy.

Thanks.

Thanks @ngoldbaum for the PR, and @kumaraditya303 for merging it 🌮🎉.. I'm working now to backport this PR to: 3.14.
🐍🍒⛏🤖

Thanks @ngoldbaum for the PR, and @kumaraditya303 for merging it 🌮🎉.. I'm working now to backport this PR to: 3.15.
🐍🍒⛏🤖

Sorry, @ngoldbaum and @kumaraditya303, I could not cleanly backport this to 3.14 due to a conflict.

Please backport manually with cherry_picker, see the devguide for more information.

cherry_picker 999855b07f9b795ca88ac3349060a06c116a1037 3.14

GH-159694 is a backport of this pull request to the 3.15 branch.

GH-159695 is a backport of this pull request to the 3.14 branch.

⚠️⚠️⚠️ Buildbot failure ⚠️⚠️⚠️

Hi! The buildbot AMD64 CentOS9 Refleaks 3.x (tier-1) has failed when building commit 999855b.

What do you need to do:

1. Don't panic.
2. Check the buildbot page in the devguide if you don't know what the buildbots are or how they work.
3. Go to the page of the buildbot that failed (https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/853/builds/4406) and take a look at the build logs.
4. Check if the failure is related to this commit (999855b) or if it is a false positive.
5. If the failure is related to this commit, please, reflect that on the issue and make a new Pull Request with a fix.

You can take a look at the buildbot page here:

https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/853/builds/4406

Failed tests:

• test_profiling

Failed subtests:

• test_calling_conventions - test.test_profile.ProfileTest.test_calling_conventions

Summary of the results of the build (if available):

==

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/var/lib/buildbot/worker/cstratak-CentOS9-x86_64/3.x.cstratak-CentOS9-x86_64.refleak/build/Lib/test/test_profile.py", line 90, in test_calling_conventions
    self.assertIn(self.expected_max_output, res,
    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        "Profiling {0!r} didn't report max:\n{1}".format(stmt, res))
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AssertionError: ':0(max)' not found in '         2 function calls in -0.001 seconds\n\n   Random listing order was used\n\n   ncalls  tottime  percall  cumtime  percall filename:lineno(function)\n        0    0.000             0.000          profile:0(profiler)\n        1   -0.001   -0.001   -0.001   -0.001 profile:0(max(*([0],), **dict(key=int)))\n        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 :0(exec)\n\n\n' : Profiling 'max(*([0],), **dict(key=int))' didn't report max:
         2 function calls in -0.001 seconds